Relay – Usage

Purpose:

Relays provide a means to remotely control a circuit (i.e. turn a device on or off remotely). While this might seem to needlessly add complexity there are good reasons for using relays for this purpose.

Safety The load circuit might carry hazardously high voltage or current. It would be far safer to keep this danger off the panel.
Performance The shorter the line, the less power lost. A relay installed in a line directly connecting the device and power source eliminates the length of wire ran back to a control panel and avoids the resulting power loss.
Cost Savings Larger guage wire is costly. A relay can be an attractive option over the expense of additional heavy guage wire.
Space Constraints Heavier guage wire does not tuck away as easily as lighter guage wire. It takes up more space and stiffness may make bends difficult. This can become a issue where space behind a dash or run under carpet or small conduit.